i-zirconia toughened alumina iyi-ceramic ethuthukisiwe enikeza amandla amakhulu nokuqina kune-alumina. Le nto ikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa i-aluminium oxide exutshwe ne-zirconium oxide esezinzile kusetshenziswa noma i-yttria., ceria, noma i-magnesia njengeziqinisi.Ukwengezwa kwalezi zinto kwenza i-ZTA imelane nokuphuka futhi ikhulise amandla ayo okuguquguquka nawokucindezela., kanye nokumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Ihambisana ne-biocompatible
i-zirconia toughened alumina ihambisana ne-biocompatible futhi ithatha indawo enhle kakhulu yensimbi engagqwali emishinini yezokwelapha, ukusebenza njengendlela ephumelelayo yokumelana nokugqwala. Iyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu ngenkathi ihlala isikhathi eside, I-ZTA iphinde izigqamise kahle kakhulu ukumelana nokugqokwa okudingekayo ekusebenzeni isikhathi eside futhi ifaka i-anti-friction surface finishing ukwenza ukuhlanza kube lula.; Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumelana kwayo okuphezulu kokugqoka kuyenza inketho efanelekile yama-valve seal.
I-ZTA inenani eliphakeme lamandla nesisindo, ngokuminyana kwayo kuphela 4.3 g/cm3. Inikeza ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu kokushisa futhi kungenziwa ngomshini kalula kusetshenziswa imishini yokugaya ejwayelekile. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza kwalo 1923 I-K kanye ne-thermal expansion coefficient kokubili kungabekezelelwa ukuze kusetshenziswe emishinini evamile, futhi inezilinganiso zikaPoisson ze 0.26, 130ksi yamandla okugoba, kanye nesilinganiso sokunwebeka esingu-47x106psi.
I-alumina matrix iqiniswa nge-zirconia ne-strontium aluminate ukuze kwandiswe ukuqina nokumelana nokuhuzuka kwalokhu kuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziphilayo, ngenkathi isebenza njengama-crack tip blunters, kanye nokwenyuka kokuqina kokuphuka ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuguqula nokuhlakazeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, I-bioactivity yayo ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwamathambo ngenkathi ngasikhathi sinye ithuthukisa i-osseointegration yezimila zamazinyo..
I-Strontium aluminate inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, kuyilapho i-zirconia ithuthukisa ukuqina kwayo ngokukhuthaza ukuqina kokuphuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-zirconia isebenza njengesivikelo sikagesi esenza le nto ifaneleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwemikhono ukuze kugwenywe ukunqwabelana kwe-static charge..
I-Zirconia ingashintshwa ngama-oxide ahlukahlukene ukuze iqinise futhi iqinise, kuhlanganise yttria, i-ceria kanye ne-magnesia njengama-ejenti ajwayelekile wokuzinzisa. I-zirconia eqinile ye-alumina (I-CSZ) ilungele ikakhulukazi izindawo zamanzi ngenxa yokumelana kwayo nokuhlasela kwamanzi amangqamuzana kanye namandla aguquguqukayo aphezulu kanye nokuqina..
I-zirconia ene-alumina-stabilized ingasebenza njengengxenye esebenzayo yezinsimbi zensimbi ekufakweni kwamazinyo., ukukhonza ukuxhuma imiqhele emazinyweni atshaliwe kuyilapho ukumelana namazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka. Izinsimbi zensimbi zazivame ukwakhiwa nge-titanium; lezi zazinezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini kodwa zikhanga kahle ngobuhle; I-ceramics ithuthukise izimfanelo zobuhle kanye nokuqina okwandisiwe.
Kunzima
Ukuqina kwenguquko kuyinqubo lapho ukwengeza i-zirconia eqinile i-yttria-stabilised matrix ye-alumina kukhulisa kokubili ukuqina kokuphuka namandla e-ceramic.. Lokhu kwanda kubangela amandla amakhulu okuguquguquka, ukuqina kwe-fracture, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wokusanhlamvu kanye nokumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo kwe-zirconia-alumina ceramics; ngaphezu kwalokho baqhosha ukumelana nokushaqeka okuphezulu okubenza babe yizinto ezifanele zokufaka uphawu lwe-valve ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi noma ukusabela okulimazayo emizimbeni yabantu..
Ukwengezwa kwe-yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ) ku-alumina matrix kunikeza amandla engeziwe nokuqina ngezindleko ezikhangayo uma kuqhathaniswa ne-YSZ emsulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nto ikhombisa ukumelana nokugqokwa okuhle kakhulu, i-dielectric engaguquki ephansi futhi i-brittle encane kunezinye izinhlanganisela ze-alumina; ngaphezu kwalokho idlula ezinye izitsha zobumba ze-zirconium oxide ngokuhlala isikhathi eside ekusetshenzisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokumelana namakhemikhali..
i-zirconia toughened alumina iyinto ekahle yokukhiqiza izindwani zokusika ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, ukugqoka-ukumelana, ukuzinza kokushisa nokumelana nokungqubuzana – izimfanelo ezikwenza kube nezindleko eziphansi kakhulu kunezinye izinto zokwakha ithuluzi lokusika.
I-ZTA ikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa inqubo yokukhipha ijeli, okubandakanya ukuxuba i-alumina eyimpuphu ne-yttria-stabilised zirconia ndawonye ukuze kwakheke udaka., bese ubumba le nto ibe yizimo ezifunwayo usebenzisa isikhunta. Ngemuva kokumisa nge-desiccant ewuketshezi, le nto ihamba nge-pyrolysis kanye ne-sintering ngaphambi kokuba ekugcineni ibe yingxenye yefomu layo lokugcina.
I-Zirconia-toughened sinter ibonisa izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini, kuhlanganise nokuqina kokuphuka, amandla e-flexural nokunwebeka. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza 1923 K kanye ne-thermal expansion coefficient ime kokuthi 8.1x 10-6 C-1 kuyilapho isilinganiso sikaPoisson simi 0.26 futhi amandla ayo aguquguqukayo angafinyelela ku-130ksi.
i-zirconia i-alumina eqinile ingakhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa i-sintering yensimu kagesi noma i-high pressure sintering, izinqubo ezimbili ezikhiqiza izitsha zobumba eziminyene kakhulu neziqinile ezinamakristalu amahle. Ukufakwa kwe-electric field sintering kuveza izinto eziluhlaza emsinga kagesi kuze kube yilapho zikhanya, okuholela ekukhuleni kwabantu emazingeni okushisa e-sintering anciphe kakhulu; i-high-pressure sintering isebenzisa i-high pressure sintered powder eyenza isakhiwo sekristalu ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo ishintsha isimo sayo se-athomu ne-elekthronikhi..
Iyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa
I-ZTA iyimpahla ethuthukisiwe ehlanganisa amandla nokugqoka ukumelana kwe-zirconia nezakhiwo ezishisayo ze-alumina ukuze kusetshenziswe izinto ezihlukahlukene kumathuluzi wokusika., ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-ceramics nokunye. Ngenxa yale nhlanganisela, inikeza ukuqina okwengeziwe kunanoma iyiphi iyodwa, kanye nokuba namandla kunakho kokubili i-tungsten carbide ne-boron nitride – ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuqina nokuqina.
I-ZTA ceramic yaziwa ngamandla ayo aphezulu, kanye nokungazweli ekuhlaselweni ngamakhemikhali nokuhuzuka. Ngamandla aphakeme acindezelayo naguquguqukayo adlula awe-alumina kanye namazinga aphansi okwanda okushisayo., yenza ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kwempahla yezingxenye ezidinga izindlela zokupholisa ezifana nezifeni zokupholisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Izakhiwo zemishini ye-ZTA zivimbela ukuqhekeka noma ukuphuka, okwenza kube enye yezinto eziqinile futhi ezihlala isikhathi eside ze-ceramic emakethe namuhla.
Izinhlanganisela ze-Ceramic zenziwa kusetshenziswa inhlanganisela yezindlela ezijwayelekile zokucindezela ne-isostatic ukuze zikhiqize.. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinto ezisetshenziswayo zihlanganiswa ngokugcwele ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izikhala ezingase zibeke engcupheni ubuqotho bayo, ngaleyo ndlela ikhiqize amandla aphezulu aguquguqukayo nacindezelayo wezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nokuphakama kokumelana nokugqwala kune-alumina iyodwa.
Qaphela ukuthi i-zirconia eqinile i-alumina akufanele idideke ne-zirconia eqinile ye-alumina (EMUVA). Nakuba zombili izinto zisebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezifanayo, izilinganiso zabo ziyehluka. Ku-ZTA lesi silinganiso sinquma izindawo zayo zokugcina eziyivumela ukuthi ihlangabezane nezicaciso eziqondene nohlelo lokusebenza.
I-ZTA iyikhethelo lempahla elifanele lama-valve seal, amahlahla, futha izingxenye, kanye nezicelo zezokwelapha ngenxa yamandla ayo aphakeme nokumelana nokugqoka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, I-ZTA izinzile kumakhemikhali, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa, i-insulator esebenzayo, nge-resistant kagesi ephansi kune-alumina ehlanzekile nama-ejenti azinzile njenge-yttrium, i-ceria ne-magnesia kuvame ukungezwa njengeziqinisi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwayo – lawa ma-oxide asiza ukuguqula i-monoclinic zirconia ibe amafomu e-tetragonal kanye ne-cubic okwenza izinto zikwazi ukumelana nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kunomlingani wayo we-monoclinic kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi..
Ishibhile
I-Zirconia iyinsimbi eqinile futhi eqinile ye-ceramic. Ngokuzinza kwamakhemikhali okuphezulu, amandla aphezulu/ubulukhuni/amazinga okugqwala/izakhiwo zokuvikela ukushisa kanye nezimfanelo ezinhle zokuvikela ugesi, i-zirconia yenza ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo eziningi ezahlukahlukene – kusuka ezingxenyeni zomzimba ezifana nemizimba ye-ceramic noma izimila zezokwelapha, ezingxenyeni ezidinga amandla/ukuqina okuphezulu kwemishini njengezigxivizo zezokwelapha.
i-zirconia i-alumina eqinile imelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali nokuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa ngaphandle kokuqhekeka noma ukuphuka, ngenxa yezinhlayiya ze-zirconia ezihlakazekile ngaphakathi kwe-alumina matrix emunca amandla ashisayo ukuze ikhiqize izingcindezi ezicindezelayo ezivimbela ukuqhekeka. – inketho yempahla efanelekile yezingxenye zesithando somlilo, izishintshi zokushisa zezimboni kanye nezingxenye zenjini ye-turbine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ukuzinza kobukhulu be-ZTA kuhlanganiswe ne-coefficient ephansi yokunweba okushisayo kuyenza ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa njengezingxenye zesithando somlilo noma izingxenye zenjini..
I-Zirconia Alumina Ceramics yenziwe ngezinto ezimbili ezihlukene – i-zirconium oxide ne-aluminium oxide – nge-zirconium oxide emhlophe ngombala nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle, kuyilapho i-aluminium oxide iqhosha ngobulukhuni obukhulu; uma kuhlangene, bakha i-ceramic ephakeme kakhulu eqinile futhi evikelayo, enekhono lokukhiqizwa ngezimo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.
I-Ceramics isetshenziswa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kokuhuzuka njengokugaya noma ukugaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, benza izinto ezinhle zokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha namazinyo ngenxa yokumelana nokugqoka, i-biocompatibility kanye nokonga kwezindleko zesikhathi eside; ukwenza lezi zobumba zibe ukukhetha ukonga isikhathi eside.
U-Alumina Waqinisa I-Zirconia (EMUVA) I-ceramics iyinketho evelele yemisebenzi eminingi eza igcwele izinzuzo eziningi. Eyongayo ukwedlula yabo 99% ozakwabo nokho ngempumelelo ngokulinganayo, I-ATZ inezinga eliphezulu lokumelana nokugqoka, ukungabi namakhemikhali kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuqina kokuphuka emazingeni okushisa avamile; isilinganiso sayo se-alumina kuya ku-zirconia singalungiswa ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza.
i-zirconia toughened alumina ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukusebenza okuphezulu nokubekezela. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonisa ukuthi lungasiza ekunciphiseni izinkinga zokuhlinzwa esikhundleni se-hip ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuhuzuka. – lokhu kungase kube usizo ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha nabakhuthele abalindele okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwesikhathi eside.