Zirconia Toughened Alumina

Izinhlanganisela ze-alumina-zirconia ziqiniswa ngokuguqulwa okubangelwa ukucindezeleka kwezinhlayiya ze-tetragonal zirconia ezinhle zibe nzima., izinto eziqinile ezinamandla ngokwedlulele kanye nokuqina okuzenza zifaneleke ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kanye nezindawo.

I-gelcasting yasetshenziswa ukwenza amasampula e-ZTA, ngokunaka okukhokhelwayo ekwandiseni ukulungiswa kwe-slurry ngokulayisha okuqinile okuhlukile, ukubumba kanye nezinqubo zokususa ukubumba, ukomiswa kwe-solvent (i-osmotic ngokumelene nokomisa komoya), kanye nezinqubo ze-pyrolysis kanye ne-sintering at 1550 futhi 1650 degC ngezinjongo zokomisa. Ukuminyana, ubulukhuni, ukuqina kokuphuka kanye nokuhlolwa kwamandla okuguquguqukayo kwenziwa kuwo wonke amasampula enziwe kusetshenziswa i-gelcasting.

Inobunzima obuphakeme

I-Zirconia iqinisa i-alumina (I-ZTA) ilungele izicelo ezifunayo ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu. Kwenziwe kusetshenziswa i-gel casting, I-ZTA inikeza ukonga izindleko ngaphezu kwezinye izinto zobumba ngenkathi iziqhayisa ngamandla aphakeme. I-ZTA ingakwazi ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa 1650 degC ngenkathi zisasebenza ngempumelelo ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwezimpushana ze-yttria-stabilised zirconia kanye ne-alumina ezihlanganiswe kusetshenziswa amasu okuphonsa ijeli kanye ne-sintering..

Izitsha zobumba ze-ZTA zigqama ngenxa yokuqina kwazo okumangalisayo ngenxa yokuguquka kwazo zisuka esigabeni se-tetragonal ziye esigabeni se-monoclinic., ukwandisa ukuqina kokuphuka ngokuphindwe kabili. Lo mshini ubangelwa umehluko phakathi kwe-elastic modulus yabo phakathi kwezigaba zabo – i-zirconia ne-alumina ngokulandelana – okusho ukuthi izinkambu zengcindezi ezidalwe ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwesigaba empeleni zisebenza ukunciphisa ukusakazeka kokuqhekeka okwenza i-ZTA ibe namandla kakhulu kunezobumba ze-alumina zendabuko..

I-alumina ene-Zirconia-toughened iqhosha ngobulukhuni obuphakeme kanye nokuqina kokuphuka kune-AlN, kanye namandla aphakeme aguquguqukayo uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo zinto zombili, okwenza kube ikhandidethi elihle kakhulu lezinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla ezimoto kanye nezinzile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, I-ZTA ifaka ukumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo okuphezulu kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zokufakwa kukagesi, ukuyenza ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto nokunye ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha; ngaphezu kwalokho, I-ZTA ayibonisi umonakalo we-DNA noma imiphumela yomdlavuza kumaseli ezincelisayo, inikeza ukusetshenziswa okungase kube khona njengempahla yokufakelwa kwamazinyo ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nezakhiwo ze-biocompatibility.

Inokuqina okuphezulu

I-Zirconia iqinisa i-alumina (I-ZTA), noma i-zirconium i-alumina eqinile, i-ceramic material eyakhiwe kokubili i-alumina ne-zirconium enikeza izakhiwo ezihlukile zemishini njengokuqina okuphezulu kwe-flexural., ukuqina kwe-fracture, ukunwebeka, ubulukhuni nokumelana nokugqoka. Isilinganiso phakathi kwalezi zinto singashintshwa kalula ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile; Imikhiqizo ye-ZTA yedlula leyo eyenziwe nge-zirconia emsulwa kuyilapho ibiza kakhulu.

Le nto isetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekushintsheni amakhanda abesifazane esikhundleni se-hip kanye nama-acetabular liners ngenxa yokuhambisana kwayo ne-biocompatibility kanye namakhono okuthwala umthwalo wesikhathi eside.. Nokho, ukufaneleka kwayo kufanele kuqale kuhlolwe ku-vivo.

I-ZTA ifinyelela ukuqina okuphezulu ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo se-metastable tetragonal namandla acindezelayo avela ku-alumina matrix., lapho ukucindezelwa okuphezulu kwengcindezi kubangela ukuqina koshintsho; leyo, i-zirconia ishintsha ibe amafomu e-monoclinic lapho ingaphansi kwamandla okucindezela avela ku-alumina matrix, ukukhiqiza amandla okucindezeleka anciphisa noma amise ukusakazeka kwe-crack ngaleyo ndlela akhiqize imiphumela eqinile yokuguqula evimbela ukusakazeka kokuqhekeka.

I-ZTA inamandla athuthukisiwe aguquguqukayo ngaphezulu 99% i-alumina ceramics ngenxa yesigaba sayo se-metastable tetragonal kanye ne-alumina matrix, ngokuphawulekayo ukudlula kulokhu. Nokho, Izinhlanganisela ze-alumina-zirconia zingase zibe brittle ngenxa ye-homogeneity ephansi kanye nokubanjwa komoya kanye nokuhlangana kwezinhlayiyana okuholela ekushiyekeni kwamaphoyinti nokuncipha kwamandla okuguquguquka. – nokho ukusebenza kwayo kudlula izinto zobumba ze-alumina zendabuko ezisetshenziswa zezokwelapha nezimboni ngokufanayo.

Inamandla aphezulu

I-Zirconia toughened alumina iyinto ehlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, okwenza ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithwala umthwalo. Ikhiqizwe ngokuguqulwa okubangelwa ukucindezeleka kwezinhlayiya ze-tetragonal zirconia ezinhle zibe i-alumina matrix., ukukhiqizwa kwayo kuphumela ekusabalaliseni izinhlayiyana ezifanayo kakhulu ngamandla angavamile kanye nezakhiwo eziqinile.

I-Ceramic futhi imelana kakhulu nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa okuningi okuhlanganisa izimila zezokwelapha nezinto zamazinyo ngenxa yekhono layo lokumelana nokuchayeka kaningi kuketshezi lomzimba namakhemikhali..

I-ZTA iphinde igqame ngokumelana nokushaqeka kwayo okushisayo, njengoba izinhlayiya zayo ze-zirconia zihlakazeka ngaphakathi kwe-alumina matrix zidonsa amandla ashisayo futhi zenze izingcindezi ezicindezelayo ukugwema ukwakheka kokuqhekeka. – lokhu kuvumela i-ZTA Ceramic ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokuphephile ekusetshenzisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu njengezingxenye zesithando somlilo nezingxenye zenjini ye-turbine ngaphandle kokufaka ingozi noma ukwehluleka..

I-ZTA ithola amandla ayo ekwakhiweni kwayo nasekusatshalalisweni kwe-nanoparticle, kanye nokucindezela kwe-isostatic okushisayo kanye ne-sintering evamile yokwethenjelwa okwandisiwe. Ukuze uthole ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe, ingase futhi ikhiqizwe kusetshenziswa izindlela zokwenziwa kwe-sol-gel eziguqula ama-molecule abe izinto eziqinile – kulokhu kuhlanganisa impushana ye-alumina kanye nezimpushana ze-zirconia oketshezini olufana nejeli olungabese kwakheka izimo ezihlukene ngaphambi kokubhakwa kuhhavini kuze kube yilapho ukuphulukiswa sekwenzekile ngaphambi kokuba kuncishiswe futhi kumiswe ukuze kukhiqizwe i-ZTA enezinhlaka zekristalu eziminyene kakhulu kanye nekristalu eguquliwe., i-athomu, izimo ze-elekthronikhi eziholela ku-ZTA ebonisa ukuminyana okuphezulu kanye nekristalu eshintshiwe, izimo ze-athomu kanye nezakhiwo zekristalu eziguquliwe, izakhiwo zekristalu ezishintshiwe kanye nekristalu eshintshiwe, izimo ze-athomu eziholela ekuguqulweni kwekristalu, izimo ze-athomu zokwethenjelwa okwengeziwe.

Inokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu

Izinto ze-ZTA zinikeza ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukuyenza ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuqina okwedlulele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye namandla aphakeme okuguquguquka kwenza i-ZTA ifanelekele ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku- 1773 K – okwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kokuchayeka kwemishini yesikhathi eside kumazinga okushisa aphezulu.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonisa ukuthi i-zirconia ithuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini ye-alumina, ikakhulukazi ukuqina kwayo namandla aguquguqukayo. Lo mphumela uvela ngenxa yokuthi izinhlayiya ze-zirconia zenza ukucindezeleka okucindezelayo ku-alumina matrix lapho ucindezelekile; lokhu kucindezeleka okucindezelayo kusiza ukunciphisa ukusakazeka kokuqhekeka ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhulisa ukuqina kokuphuka.

Kunezici eziningi ezithinta ukusebenza kwezinhlanganisela ze-ZTA, njengezindlela zayo ze-sintering namazinga okushisa kanye nenani le-zirconia elingeziwe. Ngenjwayelo, ukwengeza i-zirconia eyengeziwe kuvame ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza; kodwa-ke i-zirconia eningi inganciphisa amandla ayo aguquguqukayo kanye nokuqina kokuphuka.

I-alumina-zirconia-i-alumina eqinile (LOKHO) kuyinto ethuthukisiwe yobuchwepheshe be-ceramic impahla esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene zezimboni. Yakhiwe nge-alumina ne-zirconium oxide exhunywe ngamabhondi e-ceramic athuthukisa amandla aguquguqukayo kanye nokuqina kokuphuka kwempahla., I-AZT yenza into enhle kakhulu yemishini echayeke emazingeni okushisa aphezulu njengamahhavini neziko.