Ukuqina Okungenakuqhathaniswa Ne-Zirconia I-Alumina Eqinile (I-ZTA) I-Ceramics

Zirconia Toughened Alumina (I-ZTA) izitsha zobumba ziziqhayisa ngokuqina okungenakuqhathaniswa. Baqhosha ukumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu, ukungabi namakhemikhali kwamakhemikhali kanye nokungqubuzana okuphansi kokusebenza kalula emisebenzini yansuku zonke – ingasaphathwa eyokuqina nokuqina okuphakeme kunezinsimbi.

I-ZTA ifaka i-tetragonal zirconia polycrystal agglomerates ekwazi ukumetastable ku-alumina matrix eshintsha isigaba esibangelwa ukucindezeleka sibe ifomu le-monoclinic ngaphansi kwengcindezi., ngaleyo ndlela ihlakaza uhlobo lwe-shear futhi imise ukusakazeka kwemifantu, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-transformation toughening.

Ukumelana Nokugqwala

I-ZTA inikeza ukumelana kwamakhemikhali okuphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa ne-alumina ehlanzekile futhi ingamelana namazinga okushisa adlulele ngaphandle kokuwohloka, okuyenza ibe yinhle kakhulu ukukhetha kwezinto ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezindaweni nezimo ezinzima.

Ukuqina kwe-ZTA kuthuthukiswa izinhlayiya ze-zirconia ezihlakazeka futhi zimunce amandla, ukusiza ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka. Uma ifakwe i-yttrium oxide, i-zirconia iyashintsha isuka esigabeni se-metastable tetragonal iye kwi-monoclinic ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka ukuze idale ukucindezeleka okwandisa ukuqina kokuphuka..

Izitsha zobumba ezisekelwe ku-Zirconia ezifana ne-ZTA ziqukethe izinhlayiya ze-alumina ukuze zimelane nokushaqeka okushisayo. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi imelane nezinguquko ezisheshayo zokushisa ngaphandle kokuqhekeka noma ukwehluleka ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zokusebenza okuphezulu njengokugaya nokusika; ukunwetshwa komugqa okuphansi kanye ne-torsional kunikeza amakhono avelele okuthwala umthwalo namandla okusebenza. I-ZTA iyaziqhenya 2-3 izikhathi zamandla okuqina aqinile uma kuqhathaniswa ne-alumina emsulwa kuyilapho inamakhoyefiyenti wokunweba womugqa ophansi/i-torsional wamandla akhethekile okuthwala imithwalo namandla okusebenza.

Ukuqina Okuphakeme

I-ZTA ihlanganisa amandla nokuqina kwe-alumina kanye ne-zirconia eqinisayo ukuze kusetshenziswe into ehlukile uma kunesidingo.. Le nhlanganisela inikeza amandla angenakuqhathaniswa, ukuqina kwe-fracture, ukunwebeka nobulukhuni izakhiwo ephaketheni elilodwa.

UClaussen watholwa ku 1976 ukuthi ukwengeza i-zirconia engazinzile ku-alumina kukhulisa kakhulu ukuqina kwayo kokuphuka, ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwe-tetragonal-monoclinic yemvula ehlakazekile ye-tetragonal ehlakazekile ngaphakathi kwe-matrix yayo.. Imvula enjalo ene-metastable iyavinjelwa ekushintsheni kuze kube yilapho ikhishwa i-crack front esondelayo noma omunye umthombo wokukhululeka ekuvinjweni kwawo., njengokuncibilika.

I-10mol% i-yttria-stabilized zirconia ecindezelwe ngokushisayo (10YSZ), kuqiniswe ngama-particle noma ama-platelet aqukethe kusuka 0 kuya ku-30wt% okuqukethwe kwe-alumina kube ngaphansi kwamandla aqinile, ukuqina kokuphuka kanye nokuhlolwa kokukhula kancane kokuqhekeka ku-1000C emoyeni. Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi amandla amakhulu okuguquguquka kanye nokuqina kokuphuka kwezinhlanganisela zeplatelet kufinyelelwe ngalokhu okuqukethwe kokubhaliwe..

Amandla Okuqina Okuphakeme

I-Zirconia ceramics inikeza inhlanganisela yamandla engavamile, ukuqina, kanye nokuguquguquka okudlula kude izinto zobumba zendabuko zobuchwepheshe. Amafomu e-Zirconia afana ne-ZTA ahlinzeka ngezixazululo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zanamuhla ezinzima kakhulu kusukela ezingxenyeni ze-aerospace ezibekezelela indawo enzima kuya ekufakweni kwe-biomedical yesizukulwane esilandelayo eklanyelwe ukuphila isikhathi eside. – ukunikeza izixazululo ezinokwethenjelwa zezidingo ezicindezela kakhulu zanamuhla.

I-ZTA igqame phakathi kwezinye izinto ngenxa yamandla ayo aguquguqukayo aphezulu, ukuqina kwe-fracture kanye nokumelana nokusakazeka kokuqhekeka ngenxa yesigaba sayo se-tetragonal metastable. Lokhu kuguqulwa ku-zirconia ye-monoclinic ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi kucindezela indawo ngaphambi komfantu ukuze kumiswe ukukhula okuqhubekayo.

I-Yttria Izinze Ngokwengxenye I-Zirconia (Y-TZP) kanye ne-Cerium Izinze Ngokwengxenye I-Zirconia (Yini-TZP) bonisa izici zokuqina ezingavamile ezifana ne-ZTA ngenxa yokugcinwa kwesigaba se-tetragonal ngokugcina i-yttria noma i-cerium emazingeni okushisa aphansi., evumela ukuguqulwa ebangeni lokushisa elilawulekayo futhi ibonise ukulimala okuncane kwendawo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokulayisha okujikelezayo kunozakwabo be-Alumina.

Ukungqubuzana Okuphansi

I-Zirconia ingenye yezinto zobumba eziqinile zobunjiniyela ezitholakalayo futhi izakhiwo zayo zokungqubuzana eziphansi zisiza ukukhulisa ukumelana nokugqokwa ngenkathi kuncipha izidingo zokugcoba..

Izitsha zobumba ze-ZTA ziqukethe i-alumina yokuqina okukhulu. Lokhu kuvumela izinhlayiya eziqinile ze-yttria-zirconia ze-tetragonal ku-alumina matrix ukuthi zihlale zingashintshiwe., okusele kucwebezelwe ngenxa yoxhaxha olulukiwe lwezinhlamvu.

Izimo ezilawulwayo zokuqamba nokucubungula ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukuguqulwa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-tetragonal-to-monoclinic akwenzeki lapho kupholiswa izinga lokushisa le-sintering., ukufaka isandla emandleni okushaya okuningi ekuhlolweni kokuqina kokuphuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-homogeneity ephezulu kuzinhlanganisela ze-alumina-zirconia ezinosayizi omncane wokusanhlamvu kuphumela kumandla aphansi okuqhekeka okubuye kuhumushele ekubeni ubude obufushane bokuqhekeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuhlehlisa kwedayimane..

Ukwandiswa Okushisayo Okuphezulu

Amandla okubopha i-alumina matrix ayenza ikwazi ukuvimbela izinhlayiya ze-tetragonal zirconia ekushintsheni zibe yi-zirconia ye-monoclinic lapho ipholisa., ngokwenza kanjalo 10 imvukuzane % Izinhlanganisela ze-yttria-stabilized zirconia-alumina zizinzile futhi aziqhekeki.

Ukwengezwa kwe-cerium ku-zirconia kuvumela ukuthi izinze kancane (Yini-TZP). I-Ce-TZP igcina isigaba sayo se-tetragonal ezingeni lokushisa elivamile futhi ikhuphula ngokuphawulekayo ukuqina, ukuqina kokuphuka namandla okugobeka uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezivamile zobumba zamazinyo.

Izinhlanganisela ze-Zirconia Toughened Alumina ezihlanganisa i-Ce-TZP, i-zirconia eqinile ye-yttria (Y-TZP), noma i-zirconia ene-magnesia-stabilized (I-Mg-PSZ) bonisa ukuqina okuyingqayizivele okwedlula kokubili i-alumina ne-monolithic zirconia, okwenza i-ZTA ibe yikhandidethi eliphelele lokufuna izicelo ezifana nezimila zezokwelapha, izingxenye ze-aerospace kanye nemishini yezimboni. I-ZTA iphinde ibe nezindawo eziningi zokumelana namakhemikhali eziyivikela kuma-asidi, izixazululo zikasawoti, usawoti oncibilikisiwe ama-alkali kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu.