I-Zirconia Toughened Alumina Yezinhlelo Zokusebenza Ezithuthukile

I-ZTA iyinhlanganisela ye-alumina-zirconia, ehlukaniswa ngamandla amakhulu nokuqina. Ikhiqizwe ngokuguqulwa okubangelwa ukucindezeleka kwezinhlayiya ze-tetragonal zirconia ezinhle ku-alumina matrix..

I-Zirconia ceramics yizinto zobuchwepheshe eziphawulekayo, ukuziqhayisa ngobulukhuni obuhle kakhulu, ukuzinza okushisayo, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nezindawo zokusebenza lapho ezinye izinto zobumba eziningi zingakwazi ukwenza. Izinsimbi namapulasitiki azinakuqhathaniswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-zirconia ceramics ibuye ibonise ubulukhuni obuvelele bokwenza amathuluzi.

Amandla

I-ZTA igqama phakathi kwezinto zobumba eziqinile namandla ayo angavamile nokuqina, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukungabi namakhemikhali, i-coefficient ephansi ye-friction, ubulukhuni obuphezulu/ukuqina isilinganiso kanye ne-coefficient ephansi yokunweba okushisayo uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amaningi – okwenza kube impahla ekahle yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana namathuluzi okusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, I-biocompatibility yayo futhi yenza i-ZTA ibe ukukhetha kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezikhangayo.

I-ZTA ichazwa ngokusatshalaliswa kwayo okufanayo kakhulu kwezinhlayiya ze-tetragonal zirconia ngaphakathi kwe-alumina matrix. Lokhu kufezwa kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuhlanganisa ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezifana nokugaya ibhola kanye nokugaya amandla aphezulu.; uma sekuhlanganiswe ndawonye izimpushana zingabe sezibunjwa zibe ingxenye yazo ehlosiwe kusetshenziswa ukucindezela okomile, ukucindezela kwe-isostatic, ukubumba umjovo noma amasu e-extrusion.

I-Zirconia ehlakazekile kuyo yonke i-alumina matrix ithuthukisa ukuqina kokuphuka ngokumunca nokuqeda amandla okuqhekeka., eyaziwa ngokuthi i-transformation toughening. I-Zirconia iphinde ibe nomthelela ekugqokeni ukumelana ngokukhiqiza izingcindezi ezicindezelayo ezivimbela ukusakazeka kokuqhekeka – eyaziwa ngokuthi ukuzilola – okwenza i-ZTA ibe yisinqumo esihle kakhulu samasondo okugaya.

Ukuqina

Zirconia Toughened Alumina (I-ZTA) I-ceramics inamandla amangalisayo nokuqina kokuphuka, ukubenza bafaneleke ukusetshenziswa kulo lonke uhla lwezinhlelo zokusebenza nezindawo. Lokhu kuqina okumangalisayo kuvela ekuguqulweni kwesigaba esibangelwa ukucindezeleka kwenhlawulo, izinhlayiya ze-tetragonal zirconia ezihlakazeke ngokufanayo ezihlakazeke ngaphakathi kwe-alumina matrix; ukucindezeleka kudala uguquko lwesigaba ukuze kukhiqizwe amanethiwekhi amancane e-zirconia-alumina abamba amandla okusakazeka kokuqhekeka okubambezeleka ngempumelelo ukusabalala kwawo ngenkathi kukhula ukumelana nokuqhekeka. (Clausen 1976).

I-ZTA igqamile ngenxa yokumelana nokushaqeka kwayo okushisayo. Ngenxa yenhlanganisela yayo eyingqayizivele yokwakheka kwesigaba se-tetragonal-monoclinic, le-ceramic ingakwazi ukumelana nezinguquko ezisheshayo ekushiseni ngaphandle kokuqhekeka noma ukuphuka, kuyilapho ukuguqulwa okubangelwa ukucindezeleka kwe-zirconia kufomu layo le-tetragonal elithambile kukhiqiza izingcindezi ezicindezelayo eziphikisana nokwakheka kwemifantu ngaphakathi kwe-alumina matrix yayo futhi kukhulisa kakhulu ukuqina ngaleyo ndlela kwandisa ukusebenza kwe-ZTA..

I-ZTA ayinawo amandla ayo kuphela, Isakhiwo se-tetragonal-monoclinic kanye nokuqina okuphezulu kwe-fracture, kodwa futhi i-coefficient ephansi yokwandisa okushisayo (I-CTE), ukuyenza ifaneleke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga amazinga okushisa adlulele noma izindawo lapho ukuzinza kobukhulu kubalulekile, njengezingxenye ezinembayo noma amaphakheji e-elekthronikhi.

I-ZTA igqama phakathi kwezinto zokufakelwa kwezokwelapha ngenxa yenhlanganisela yayo yokumelana namakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini nengcindezi kusize ukumelana nokugqwala emanzini noma oketshezini lomzimba, ukwenza kube ikhandidethi eliyinhloko lokufakelwa kwezokwelapha okufana namakhanda e-femoral amathambo kanye nama-acetabular liners. I-BioLOX Delta biomaterial ingesinye sezibonelo ezinjalo; esetshenziswa kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwamathambo kuzo zombili izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ukumelana Nokugqwala

I-ZTA inezakhiwo eziphakeme zazo zombili i-alumina ne-zirconia, okwenza imelane kakhulu nakho kokubili ukuhlaselwa kwamakhemikhali nokuguga, ukuyenza ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibandakanya izindawo ezijwayele ukugqwala noma ukungqubuzana okuphindaphindayo noma ingcindezi yokusebenza.

Ukuhlanganisa ubulukhuni be-alumina nokuqina kwe-zirconia kubangela izici ezinhle kakhulu ze-tribological ezenza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqoka ezingxenyeni ezinemithwalo esindayo kanye nokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside., njengokufakwa kwamathambo, amathuluzi okusika kanye nezakhi ezimelana nokugqoka ezisetshenziswa ekulawuleni uketshezi (Imihlahlandlela yochungechunge, ama-bearings, ama-nozzles njll). Le nhlanganisela isebenza ikakhulukazi kuzilungiselelo zezokwelapha nezimboni ezifana nezifakelo zamathambo, amathuluzi okusika noma ukuphathwa kwamanzi (intambo guides bearings nozzles njll).

Ukuqina kokuqina kwe-ZTA okuthuthukisiwe kungabangelwa yizinhlayiya zayo ezisatshalaliswa kahle ze-zirconia ku-alumina matrix yayo.. Lapho imifantu iqala ukusabalala, lapho amandla abo ekhula futhi esakaza ngokuqhubekayo, lezi zinhlamvu ze-tetragonal zirconia zingena uguquko lwesigaba ukuze limunce futhi lisihlakaze njengengxenye yendlela yokuguqula ukuqina. – yingakho kuthuthukisa ukuqina kokuphuka kwale nto.

Impumelelo ekukhiqizeni i-ZTA Ceramic isekubeni i-zirconia yekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nezimpushana ze-alumina ezingenakungcola.. I-Sintering kumele ilawulwe ukuze kugwenywe ukuguqulwa kwe-zirconia ye-tetragonal-to-monoclinic ngokuzenzekelayo ngesikhathi sokupholisa kanye nokunciphisa ukwakheka kwesigaba se-monoclinic esithintekayo esisengozini ye-chemisorption ngama-molecule wamanzi okuholela ekwehleni kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.; Inqubo yokucwenga ye-ZTA Ceramic kaSaint-Gobain ZirPro yenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukugwema lezi zinto ezingathandeki.. Ngenhlanhla i-ZTA ceramic kaSaint-Gobain ZirPro ceramic yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuvimbela lezi zenzakalo ukuthi zenzeke. –

Ukuzinza Okushisayo

Zirconia Toughened Alumina (I-ZTA) ingamelana noshintsho olusheshayo lokushisa ngaphandle kokuqhekeka noma ukuphuka, ngenxa yezinhlayiya ze-zirconia ezihlakazekile ngaphakathi kwe-alumina matrix emunca amandla okushisa futhi idale izingcindezi ezicindezelayo ezivimbela ukuqhekeka nokwehluleka.. Ngoba i-ZTA imunca amandla ashisayo ngokuphumelelayo, le nto yenza ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.

Ukwengezwa kwe-zirconia ku-alumina matrix kungakhuphula ukuqina kokuphuka ngenkathi ngasikhathi sinye kuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini njengamandla nokumelana nokugqoka.. Ukuqina kokuqina kokuphuka ku-ZTA kungenxa yoshintsho oludalwe yingcindezi ukusuka esigabeni se-metastable tetragonal ukuya esigabeni se-monoclinic emazingeni okushisa akhona.; umphumela okhuliswe ngamasayizi amancane okusanhlamvu we-zirconia kunalawo aku-alumina.

Iziqinisi zivame ukuqashwa ukuze kugcinwe isigaba se-tetragonal zirconia ezintweni ze-ZTA ezifana ne-Biolox Delta.; nokho, imiphumela efanayo ingafinyelelwa ngaphandle kokuqiniswa ngokuya kokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlayiyana kanye nokuqina kokuphuka.

Inhlanganisela ye-alumina ne-zirconia idala i-ceramic ethuthukisiwe edlula amandla, ukuqina kwe-fracture, ukuqina nokuqina – izici ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezidinga ukusebenza kwesakhiwo nokumelana nokugqwala. I-ceramics ye-ZTA ijwayele ukusebenza kahle kakhulu 99% i-alumina ceramics engabizi kakhulu ngenkathi ihlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza ngokuphumelelayo; isilinganiso sabo singakwazi ngisho ehambisana ngokuqondile.