i-zirconia eqinile i-alumina yi-ceramic ephezulu enika amandla amakhulu kunye nokuqina kune-alumina. Esi sixhobo senziwa kusetyenziswa i-aluminiyam oxide exutywe ne-zirconium oxide eye yazinziswa kusetyenziswa nokuba yi-yttria., ceria, okanye i-magnesia njenge-stabilizers.Ukongezwa kwezi zixhobo kwenza i-ZTA ixhathise ukuphuka kwaye ikhulise amandla ayo okuguquguquka kunye noxinzelelo., ngokunjalo nokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
Iyahambelana nebhayoloji
i-zirconia eqinile i-alumina iyahambelana ne-biocompatible kunye nokutshintshwa okugqwesileyo kwensimbi engenasici kwizixhobo zonyango, ukusebenza njengenye indlela esebenzayo yokuxhathisa umhlwa. Iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngelixa yomelele kakhulu, I-ZTA ikwaqhayisa ngokuxhathisa ukunxiba okufanelekileyo okuyimfuneko ekusebenzeni ixesha elide kwaye ibonakalisa umphezulu ochasene nokukhuhlana komphezulu ukwenza ukucoca kube lula.; Ukwengeza, ukuxhathisa kwayo okuphezulu kuyenza ibe yindlela efanelekileyo yokutywinwa kwevalvu.
I-ZTA inomlinganiselo ophakamileyo wamandla-kubunzima, kunye nokuxinana kwayo kuphela 4.3 g/cm3. Inika uzinzo oluhle kakhulu lwe-thermal kwaye lunokwenziwa lula ngoomatshini kusetyenziswa izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokugaya. Ubushushu bayo obuphezulu bokusebenza kwe 1923 I-K kunye ne-coefficient yokwandisa i-thermal zombini ngaphakathi kokunyamezela ukusetyenziswa koomatshini abaqhelekileyo, kwaye unomlinganiselo wePoisson we 0.26, 130ksi yamandla okugoba, kunye ne-47x106psi yokukala ukuqina.
I-alumina matrix yomelezwa nge-zirconia kunye ne-strontium aluminate ukunyusa ukuqina kunye nokuxhathisa kwe-abrasion yale mathiriyeli ye-bioactive composite, ngelixa usebenza njenge-crack tip blunters, kunye nokunyusa ukomelela kokwaphuka ngokusebenzisa inguqu kunye neendlela zokuqinisa ukusasazwa. Ngaphaya koko, I-bioactivity yayo ikhuthaza ukubunjwa kwamathambo ngelixa ngaxeshanye iphucula i-osseointegration yokufakelwa kwamazinyo..
I-Strontium aluminate inika ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokutya, ngelixa i-zirconia iphucula ukuqina kwayo ngokukhuthaza ukuqina kwe-fracture. Ngaphaya koko, i-zirconia isebenza njenge-insulator yombane eyenza le mathiriyeli ifaneleke kakhulu kwizicelo zemikhono ukunqanda ukwakhiwa kwentlawulo engatshintshiyo..
I-Zirconia inokuguqulwa ngee-oxides ezahlukeneyo ukuze iqinise kwaye iqinise, kuquka yttria, i-ceria kunye ne-magnesia njengee-arhente eziqhelekileyo zokuzinzisa. I-zirconia ene-alumina-stabilized (CSZ) ilungele kakhulu indawo ezingqongileyo zamanzi ngenxa yokumelana nohlaselo lwamanzi emolekyuli kunye namandla aphezulu okuguquguquka kunye nokuqina..
I-zirconia ezinzileyo ye-alumina inokusebenza njengokutshintsha okusebenzayo kweentsimbi zentsimbi kukufakelwa kwamazinyo., ukukhonza ukudibanisa izithsaba kumazinyo afakwe ngelixa ukumelana namanqanaba aphezulu oxinzelelo. Iintsimbi zentsimbi zazisenziwa ngokwemveli nge-titanium; ezi zineempawu ezinkulu zoomatshini kodwa umtsalane ongemhle wobuhle; ezo ze-ceramic ziphucule iimpawu zobuhle kunye nokuqina okwandisiweyo.
Yomelele
Ukuguqulwa kokuqina yinkqubo apho ukongeza i-yttria-zirconia-zirconia kwi-alumina matrix yonyusa ukuqina kokwaphuka kunye namandla eceramic.. Oku kwanda kubangela amandla amakhulu e-flexural, ukwaphuka kokuqina, Ukusabalalisa ubungakanani beengqolowa kunye nokumelana nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal ye-zirconia-alumina ceramics; Ukongeza, baqhayisa ngokuxhathisa ukothuka okuphezulu okubenza babe zixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokutywinwa kwevalve ngaphandle kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye iimpendulo eziyingozi kwimizimba yabantu..
Ukongezwa kwe-yttria-zirconia ezinzileyo (YSZ) kwi-alumina matrix inika amandla okongeziweyo kunye nokuqina ngexabiso elinomtsalane xa kuthelekiswa neYSZ esulungekileyo. Ngaphaya koko, lo mathiriyeli ubonisa ukumelana nokunxiba okugqwesileyo, I-dielectric ephantsi engaguqukiyo kwaye ayinabuqhophololo ngakumbi kunezinye ii-alumina composites; ngaphezu koko idlula ezinye i-zirconium oxide ceramics ngokuba yomelele ngakumbi kwizicelo zobushushu obuphezulu kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo zokuxhathisa imichiza..
i-zirconia eqinile i-alumina yinto efanelekileyo yokwenza ii-blade zokusika ngenxa yobunzima bayo, ukunxiba-ukumelana, ukuzinza kobushushu kunye nokuchasana nokuxhatshazwa – iimpawu ezikwayenza ingabizi kakhulu kunezinye izixhobo zokusika izixhobo zokuvelisa.
I-ZTA iveliswa ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokuphosa ijeli, Okubandakanya ukuxuba i-alumina engumgubo kunye ne-yttria-zirconia ezinzisiweyo kunye ukuze zenze udaka., emva koko ubumba le nto kwiimilo ezinqwenelekayo usebenzisa imingundo. Emva kokumisa nge-desiccant yamanzi, le mpahla ihamba nge-pyrolysis kunye ne-sintering ngaphambi kokuba ekugqibeleni ibe yinxalenye yefom yayo yokugqibela.
I-Zirconia-toughened sinter ibonisa iimpawu ezintle zoomatshini, kuquka ukophuka kokuqina, amandla okuguquguquka kunye nokunwebeka. Ubushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza bu 1923 I-K kunye ne-coefficient yokwandisa i-thermal imele kwi-8.1x 10-6 C-1 ngelixa umlinganiselo wePoisson umi 0.26 kwaye amandla ayo aguquguqukayo anokufikelela kwi-130ksi.
i-zirconia i-alumina eqinile inokuveliswa nokuba kufakwe i-sintering yombane okanye ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu, iinkqubo ezimbini ezivelisa iiseramikhi ezixineneyo neziqinileyo ezineekristale ezintle. I-sintering yombane iveza izinto eziluhlaza kumbane de zibengezele, okukhokelela ekuxineni kumaqondo obushushu ancitshisiweyo; Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-sintering lusebenzisa umgubo we-sintered woxinzelelo oluphezulu owenza ubume bekristale ngelixa ngaxeshanye utshintsha imeko yeathom kunye ne-elektroniki..
Iyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu
I-ZTA yimathiriyeli ephucukileyo edibanisa amandla kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kwe-zirconia kunye neempawu ezishushu ze-alumina kwisicelo esiguquguqukayo kwizixhobo zokusika., iiceramics zokusebenza eziphezulu kunye nokunye. Ngenxa yale ndibaniselwano, inika ukuqina ngakumbi kunomnye yedwa, kunye nokuba namandla ngaphezu kwe-tungsten carbide kunye ne-boron nitride – ilungele izicelo ezifuna ukuqina kunye nokuqina.
I-ceramic ye-ZTA yaziwa ngamandla ayo aphezulu, kunye nokuxhathisa kuhlaselo lwekhemikhali kunye nokuqhawuka. Ngamandla aphezulu oxinzelelo kunye nokuguquguquka okungaphezulu kwe-alumina kunye namazinga asezantsi okwanda kwe-thermal., yenza ukhetho lwemathiriyeli olugqwesileyo kumalungu afuna iindlela zokupholisa ezifana neefeni zokupholisa. Ngaphaya koko, Iimpawu zemishini ye-ZTA zithintela ukuqhekeka okanye ukuphuka, iyenza ibe yenye yezona zinto zinamandla kwaye zihlala zihlala kwi-ceramic kwimarike namhlanje.
Iicomposites zeCeramic zenziwe kusetyenziswa indibaniselwano yesiqhelo yokucofa kunye ne-isostatic eshushu yokucinezela ubuchule bokuvelisa.. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imathiriyeli idityaniswe ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwezithuba ezinokubeka esichengeni isidima sayo, ngaloo ndlela ivelisa amandla aphezulu okuguquguquka kunye nokucinezela kwemathiriyeli, kunye ne-corrosion-resistance ukongama ngaphezu kwe-alumina yodwa.
Qaphela ukuba i-zirconia eqinile i-alumina ayifanele idideke kunye ne-alumina-toughened zirconia (BUYELA). Nangona zombini izixhobo zisebenzisa imathiriyeli ekrwada efanayo, imilinganiselo yabo iyahluka. Kwi-ZTA lo mlinganiso umisela iipropati zayo zokugqibela ezivumela ukuba zihlangabezane nemigaqo-nkqubo ethile.
I-ZTA lukhetho olufanelekileyo lwezixhobo zokutywinwa kwevalvu, amahlahla, iindawo zokumpompa, kunye nezicelo zonyango ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokugqoka. Ngaphaya koko, I-ZTA izinzile ngokwekhemikhali, ukumelana nobushushu, i-insulator esebenzayo, kunye nokunciphisa umbane ophantsi kune-alumina ecocekileyo kunye nee-agent zokuzinzisa ezifana ne-yttrium, i-ceria kunye ne-magnesia zihlala zongezwa njengezizinzi ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwayo – ezi oxides zinceda ekuguquleni i-zirconia ye-monoclinic ibe yi-tetragonal kunye ne-cubic iifom ezenza ukuba izinto zikwazi ukumelana nokutshintsha kobushushu kune-monoclinic yefom yeqabane kunye nokutshintsha kobushushu ngokuhamba kwexesha..
Ixabiso eliphantsi
I-Zirconia yimathiriyeli ye-ceramic enzima kakhulu kwaye ehlala ixesha elide. Ngozinzo oluphezulu lweekhemikhali, amandla aphezulu/ubulukhuni/amazinga omhlwa/iipropati ze-insulation kunye neempawu ezilungileyo zokugquma umbane, I-zirconia yenza ukhetho oluhle kakhulu lwezinto zokusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo – ukusuka kumalungu omzimba afana nemizimba ye-ceramic okanye izifakelo zonyango, kwiindawo ezifuna amandla omatshini aphezulu/ukuqina njengokufakelwa kwezonyango.
i-zirconia i-alumina eqinile iyamelana nokubola kweekhemikhali kunye nokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okanye ukuphuka, enkosi kwiisuntswana ze-zirconia ezisasazwe ngaphakathi kwe-alumina matrix efunxa amandla obushushu ukwenza uxinzelelo oluthintela ukuqhekeka. – ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwezinto eziphathekayo kumacandelo eziko, abatshintshisi bobushushu kwimizi-mveliso kunye namacandelo enjini yomoya. Ngaphaya koko, Uzinzo olunomda we-ZTA ludityaniswe ne-coefficient ephantsi yokwandiswa kwe-thermal kuyenza igqibelele ukusetyenziswa njengamalungu eziko okanye amacandelo enjini..
I-Zirconia Alumina Ceramics yenziwe ngezinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo – i-zirconium oxide kunye ne-aluminium oxide – kunye ne-zirconium oxide ibe mhlophe ngombala kunye nokuchasana okuhle kokubola, ngelixa i-aluminiyam oxide iqhayisa ngobulukhuni obuphezulu; xa zidityanisiwe, benza i-ceramic ephezulu enzima kunye ne-insulating, ngokukwazi ukuveliswa ngokwemilo eyahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu.
I-Ceramics isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo zokukrazula ezifana nokusila okanye ukugaya. Ngaphaya koko, benza izinto ezinkulu zokusetyenziswa kwezonyango kunye namazinyo ngenxa yokumelana nokunxiba, biocompatibility kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko zexesha elide; ukwenza ezi ceramics zibe lukhetho lwezoqoqosho lwexesha elide.
UAlumina waqinisa iZirconia (BUYELA) iiseramics lukhetho olubalaseleyo lwenjongo ezininzi oluza lugcwele izibonelelo ezininzi. Uqoqosho ngakumbi kunolwabo 99% amaqabane kodwa asebenza ngokulinganayo, I-ATZ iqhayisa ngokuxhathisa ukunxiba, I-inertness yeekhemikhali kunye nokuqina kwe-fracture kumaqondo okushisa aqhelekileyo; umlinganiselo wayo we-alumina ukuya kwi-zirconia unokude ulungelelaniswe ngokweemfuno ezithile zesicelo.
i-zirconia eqinile i-alumina isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezifuna ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nonyamezelo. Uphando lwakutsha nje lubonisa ukuba lunokunceda ukunciphisa iingxaki zotyando lokutshintshwa kwe-hip ngokunciphisa ukudumba kunye nokuqhawuka. – oku kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi kubantu abancinci nabakhutheleyo abanokulindela okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwexesha elide.