Zirconia Toughened Alumina

I-alumina-zirconia composites yenziwa lukhuni ngenxa yokuguqulwa koxinzelelo lwe-tetragonal zirconia particles zibe nzima., izinto ezomeleleyo ezinamandla agqithisileyo kunye nokuqina okubenza bafanelekele usetyenziso kunye neendawo ezahlukeneyo.

I-Gelcasting yayisetyenziselwa ukwenza iisampuli ze-ZTA, ngoqwalaselo olunononophelo oluhlawulwe ekulungiseleleni ukulungiswa kodaka ngokulayisha okuqinileyo okwahlukileyo, ukubumba kunye neenkqubo zokubunjwa, ukomisa isinyibilikisi (iosmotic ngokuchasene nokomisa komoya), kunye ne-pyrolysis kunye neenkqubo ze-sintering kwi 1550 kwaye 1650 degC ngeenjongo zokomisa. Ukuxinana, ubulukhuni, Ukuqina kokwaphuka kunye novavanyo lwamandla oluguquguqukayo lwenziwa kuzo zonke iisampuli ezenziwe kusetyenziswa i-gelcasting..

Inobunzima obuphezulu

I-Zirconia yaqinisa i-alumina (ZTA) ilungele izicelo ezibango ngenxa yobunzima bayo obuphezulu. Yenziwe kusetyenziswa ijel casting, I-ZTA ibonelela ngogcino lweendleko ngaphezu kwezinye izinto ze-ceramic ngelixa iqhayisa amandla aphezulu. I-ZTA inokunyamezela amaqondo obushushu 1650 degC ngelixa iseleyo ixabisa kakhulu ngenxa yokuba iqulathe umgubo we-yttria-zirconia ezinzisiweyo kunye ne-alumina ezidityanisiweyo zisebenzisa ijeli yokuphosa kunye neendlela zokucoca..

Iiseramikhi ze-ZTA zigqamile ngenxa yokuqina kwazo okumangalisayo ngenxa yotshintsho lwayo ukusuka kwi-tetragonal ukuya kwisigaba se-monoclinic., ukwandisa ukuqina kokwaphuka ukuya kuthi ga kabini. Lo matshini ubangelwa yiyantlukwano phakathi kwemodyuli enwebekayo phakathi kwezigaba zazo – i-zirconia kunye ne-alumina ngokulandelanayo – oku kuthetha ukuba amasimi oxinzelelo adalwe ngexesha lotshintsho lwesigaba ngokwenene lusebenza ukunciphisa ukusasazwa kokuqhekeka okwenza i-ZTA ibe yomelele kuneeseramikhi zealumina zemveli..

I-alumina ene-Zirconia-toughened iqhayisa ngobulukhuni obuphezulu kunye nokuqina kokwaphuka ngaphezu kwe-AlN, kunye namandla aphezulu e-flexural xa kuthelekiswa nezo zombini izixhobo, iyenza ibe ngumgqatswa ogqwesileyo kwizicelo zamandla emoto kunye nezizinzileyo. Ngaphaya koko, I-ZTA ibonakalisa ukuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal kunye neempawu ezilungileyo zokugquma umbane, ukuyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kweemoto kunye nezinye izinto zonyango; ngaphezu koko, I-ZTA ayibonisi umonakalo we-DNA okanye iziphumo zomhlaza kwiiseli ezincancisayo, ukubonelela ngokusetyenziswa okunokubakho njengemathiriyeli yokufakelwa kwamazinyo ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezibalaseleyo zoomatshini kunye neempawu zokuhambelana ne-biocompatibility.

Inokuqina okuphezulu

I-Zirconia yaqinisa i-alumina (ZTA), okanye zirconium toughened alumina, Yimathiriyeli yeceramic eyenziwe zizo zombini i-alumina kunye ne-zirconium enikezela ngeempawu ezikhethekileyo zoomatshini ezifana nokuqina okuphezulu kwe-flexural., ukwaphuka kokuqina, ukuqina, ubunzima kunye nokumelana nokunxiba. Umlinganiselo phakathi kwezi zixhobo unokuguqulwa ngokulula ukuhlangabezana nezicelo ezithile; Iimveliso ze-ZTA zigqwesile ezo zenziwe nge-zirconia ecocekileyo ngelixa zixabisa ngakumbi.

Esi sixhobo sisetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwi-hip replacement femoral heads kunye ne-acetabular liners ngenxa ye-biocompatibility yayo kunye nokukwazi ukuthwala umthwalo wexesha elide.. Nangona kunjalo, ukufaneleka kwayo kufuneka kuqala kuvavanywe kwi-vivo.

I-ZTA ifezekisa ukuqina okuphezulu ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo se-tetragonal esine-metastable kunye namandla acinezelayo avela kwi-alumina matrix., apho uxinezeleko oluphezulu lubangela inguquko; yiyo i, i-zirconia iguqulela kwiifom ze-monoclinic xa iphantsi kwamandla oxinzelelo ukusuka kwi-alumina matrix, ukuvelisa amandla oxinzelelo athi acothise okanye ayeke ukwanda kokuqhekeka ngaloo ndlela kuvelise iziphumo ezithi zithintele ukwanda kokuqhekeka..

I-ZTA izidla ngokuphucuka kakhulu ukomelela okuguquguqukayo ngaphezulu 99% i-alumina ceramics ngenxa yesigaba sayo se-tetragonal esine-metastable kunye ne-alumina matrix, kakhulu ukodlula kulo mba. Nangona kunjalo, I-alumina-zirconia composites inokuba brittle ngenxa ye-homogeneity ephantsi kunye nokubanjwa komoya kunye ne-particle agglomeration ekhokelela kwiziphene kunye nokuncipha kwamandla okuguquguquka. – ukanti ukusebenza kwayo kugqwesa iiseramikhi zealumina zesintu kwezonyango nakwimizi-mveliso ngokufanayo.

Inamandla aphezulu

I-Zirconia eqinile i-alumina yinto ehlala ixesha elide, eyenza ukuba ilungele izicelo zokuthwala umthwalo. Iveliswe ngotshintsho olubangelwa luxinzelelo lwezirconia ezintle zetetragonal zibe yimatrix yealumina., imveliso yayo ibangela ukusasazwa kwamasuntswana afanayo kakhulu ngamandla akhethekileyo kunye neempawu zokuqina.

I-Ceramic nayo ixhathisa kakhulu kwi-corrosion yeekhemikhali. Ilungele ukusetyenziswa okuninzi kubandakanya ukufakelwa kwezonyango kunye nezixhobo zamazinyo ngenxa yokukwazi ukumelana nokuvezwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kumanzi omzimba kunye neekhemikhali..

I-ZTA ikwabalasele ngokumelana nokothuka kwe-thermal, njengoko amasuntswana e-zirconia asasazeke ngaphakathi kwe-alumina matrix efunxa amandla obushushu kwaye enze uxinzelelo olucinezelayo ukunqanda ukwakheka kokuqhekeka. – oku kuvumela i-ZTA ceramic ukuba isetyenziswe ngokukhuselekileyo kwizicelo zobushushu obuphezulu obunje ngezixhobo zesithando somlilo kunye neenxalenye ze-injini yomoya ngaphandle kokubeka umngcipheko womonakalo okanye ukusilela..

I-ZTA ifumana amandla ayo kwisakhiwo sayo kunye nokusabalalisa kwe-nanoparticle, kunye nokucinezela kwe-isostatic eshushu kunye ne-sintering eqhelekileyo ukwenzela ukuthembeka okwandisiweyo. Ukongezwa bhetyebhetye, isenokuthi iveliswe kusetyenziswa iindlela zokwenziwa kwe-sol-gel eziguqula iimolekyuli zibe ziqinileyo – Kulo mzekelo ukudibanisa umgubo we-alumina kunye ne-zirconia powders kulwelo olufana nejeli olunokuthi emva koko lwenziwe lube yimilo eyahlukeneyo ngaphambi kokuba lubhakwe e-oveni kude kube ukunyangwa kwenzeke ngaphambi kokuba kuxoxwe kwaye kumiswe ukuze kuvelise i-ZTA enoxinano oluphezulu lwezakhiwo zekristale kunye nekristale eguquliweyo., atomic, amazwe e-elektroniki akhokelela kwi-ZTA ebonisa ukuxinana okuphezulu kunye nekristale etshintshiweyo, amazwe athom kunye nezakhiwo zekristale ezitshintshiweyo, izakhiwo zekristale ezitshintshiweyo kunye nekristale etshintshiweyo, iimeko zeathom ezikhokelela ekuguqulweni kwekristale, amazwe athom ngokuthembeka okwandisiweyo.

Inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu

Izinto ze-ZTA zibonelela ngokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, iyenza ilungele usetyenziso olufuna ukuqina okugqithisileyo. Ngaphaya koko, Ukumelana ne-corrosion kunye namandla aphezulu okuguquguquka kwenza i-ZTA ilungele ukuvezwa kwexesha elide kumaqondo obushushu ukuya kuthi ga. 1773 K – iyenza ibe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kwisixhobo sexesha elide sesichengeni kumanqanaba aphezulu obushushu.

Uphando olutshanje lubonisa ukuba i-zirconia iphakamisa iimpawu zemishini ye-alumina, ngokukodwa ukuqina kwayo kunye nokomelela kwayo okuguquguqukayo. Esi siphumo senzeke ngenxa yokuba iinqununu ze-zirconia zenza uxinzelelo oluxinzelelekileyo kwi-alumina matrix xa iphantsi koxinzelelo; olu xinzelelo lucinezelayo lunceda ukunciphisa ukwanda kokuqhekeka ngelixa kwangaxeshanye kwandisa ukuqina kokwaphuka.

Izinto ezininzi zinefuthe ekusebenzeni kwee-ZTA composite, njengeendlela zayo zokutshisa kunye namaqondo obushushu kunye nomthamo we-zirconia wongeziweyo. Nje, Ukongeza i-zirconia eninzi idla ngokunyusa ukusebenza; nangona kunjalo i-zirconia eninzi inokunciphisa amandla ayo okugoba kunye nokuqina kokwaphuka.

I-alumina-zirconia-i-alumina eqinile (UKUBA) yimathiriyeli ye-ceramic ephuculweyo esetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zamashishini. Yakhiwe nge-alumina kunye ne-zirconium oxide edityaniswe ziibhondi ze-ceramic ezonyusa amandla okuguquguquka kunye nokuqina kokwaphuka kwesixhobo., I-AZT yenza imathiriyeli egqwesileyo koomatshini abavezwe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu afana nee-oveni kunye neetoni.