Zirconia Toughened Alumina

Ma composites a alumina-zirconia amaumitsidwa chifukwa cha kusintha kwamphamvu kwa tinthu tating'ono ta tetragonal zirconia kukhala zolimba., zida zolimba zokhala ndi mphamvu zochulukirapo komanso zolimba zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito komanso malo osiyanasiyana.

Gelcasting idagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zitsanzo za ZTA, ndi chidwi choperekedwa pakukonzekeretsa slurry kukonzekera ndi katundu osiyanasiyana olimba, kuumba ndi kuchotsa akamaumba, zosungunulira kuyanika (osmotic motsutsana ndi kuyanika kwa mpweya), ndi pyrolysis ndi sintering njira pa 1550 ndi 1650 degC pofuna kuyanika. Kuchulukana, kuuma, kulimba kwa fracture ndi kuwunika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kunachitika pazitsanzo zonse zopangidwa ndi gelcasting.

Ili ndi kuuma kwakukulu

Zirconia zolimba alumina (ZTA) ndi yabwino kwa ofunsira ntchito chifukwa cha kuuma kwake kwakukulu. Amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito gel osakaniza, ZTA imapereka ndalama zopulumutsira kuzinthu zina za ceramic kwinaku ikudzitamandira mwamphamvu kwambiri. ZTA imatha kupirira kutentha kwa 1650 degC pomwe imakhala yotsika mtengo chifukwa imakhala ndi ufa wa yttria-stabilised zirconia ndi alumina zomwe zaphatikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira gel ndi sintering..

ZTA Ceramics zimaonekera chifukwa cha kulimba kwawo chifukwa cha kusintha kwake kuchoka ku tetragonal kupita ku monoclinic, kuonjezera kulimba kwa fracture ndi ziwiri. Makinawa amayamba chifukwa cha kusiyana pakati pa zotanuka modulus pakati pa magawo awo – zirconia ndi aluminiyamu motero – kutanthauza kuti magawo opsinjika omwe amapangidwa panthawi yakusintha kwa gawo amathandizira kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa ming'alu kupangitsa ZTA kukhala yolimba kwambiri kuposa zida zadothi za alumina..

Zirconia-toughened alumina imadzitamandira kuuma kwapamwamba komanso kulimba kwa fracture kuposa AlN, komanso kusinthasintha kwapamwamba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zida zonsezo, kuyipanga kukhala woyenera kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagalimoto komanso zokhazikika. Komanso, ZTA imakhala ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwamafuta komanso zinthu zabwino zotchinjiriza magetsi, kuzipangitsa kukhala zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto ndi ntchito zina zamankhwala; Komanso, ZTA sichiwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa DNA kapena zotsatira za khansa m'maselo a mammalian, kutha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati implantation ya mano chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake abwino amakina komanso mphamvu za biocompatibility.

Ili ndi kulimba kwakukulu

Zirconia zolimba alumina (ZTA), kapena zirconium toughened alumina, ndi zida za ceramic zopangidwa ndi alumina ndi zirconium zomwe zimapereka mawonekedwe apadera amakina monga kulimba kwamphamvu kwambiri., kulimba kwa fracture, elasticity, kuuma ndi kuvala kukana. Chiŵerengero chapakati pa zipangizozi chikhoza kusinthidwa mosavuta kuti chigwirizane ndi ntchito zenizeni; Zogulitsa za ZTA zimaposa zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zirconia zoyera pomwe zimakhala zotsika mtengo.

Izi zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'malo mwa chiuno chamitu yachikazi ndi ma acetabular liners chifukwa cha biocompatibility yake komanso kunyamula katundu kwa nthawi yayitali.. Komabe, kuyenerera kwake kuyenera kuyesedwa kaye mu vivo.

ZTA imakwaniritsa kulimba kwakukulu chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka metastable tetragonal komanso mphamvu yopondereza kuchokera ku alumina matrix., kumene kupsinjika kwakukulu kumayambitsa kusintha kwamphamvu; kuti, zirconia amasintha kukhala mawonekedwe a monoclinic akagwidwa ndi mphamvu zoponderezedwa kuchokera ku alumina matrix, kutulutsa mphamvu zopsinjika zomwe zimachedwetsa kapena kuyimitsa kufalikira kwa mng'alu potero zimabweretsa kusintha kolimba komwe kumalepheretsa kufalikira kwa crack..

ZTA ili ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka yowonjezereka 99% alumina ceramics chifukwa cha metastable tetragonal gawo ndi alumina matrix, kwambiri kuposa izi. Komabe, zitsulo za alumina-zirconia zimatha kukhala zowonongeka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa homogeneity ndi kutsekeka kwa mpweya komanso kusakanikirana kwa tinthu komwe kumatsogolera ku zolakwika komanso kuchepa mphamvu – komabe magwiridwe ake amaposa zida zadothi za alumina muzachipatala ndi mafakitale chimodzimodzi.

Ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu

Zirconia toughened alumina ndi chinthu cholimba kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kwa ntchito zonyamula katundu. Amapangidwa ndi kusinthika kochititsa kupsinjika kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta tetragonal zirconia kukhala alumina matrix., kupanga kwake kumapangitsa kuti tinthu ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono tigawidwe ndi mphamvu zapadera komanso zolimba.

Ceramic imalimbananso kwambiri ndi dzimbiri. Ndioyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito zambiri kuphatikiza zoyika zachipatala ndi zida zamano chifukwa chotha kupirira mobwerezabwereza kukhudzana ndi madzi am'thupi ndi mankhwala..

ZTA imadziwikanso ndi kukana kugwedezeka kwamafuta, monga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta zirconia timene timamwazikana mkati mwa alumina matrix timatenga mphamvu zotentha ndikupanga kupsinjika kuti zisapangike. – izi zimalola ZTA ceramic kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito motetezeka pamatenthedwe apamwamba monga zida za ng'anjo ndi zida za injini ya turbine popanda kuwononga kapena kulephera..

ZTA imatenga mphamvu zake kuchokera ku kapangidwe kake ndi kugawa kwa nanoparticle, komanso kutentha kwa isostatic kukanikiza ndi sintering wamba kuti achuluke kudalirika. Kuti muwonjezere kusinthasintha, itha kupangidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira sol-gel zomwe zimasintha mamolekyu kukhala zolimba – mu chitsanzo ichi kuphatikiza alumina ufa ndi zirconia ufa mu madzi ngati gel osakaniza kuti kenaka kupangidwa akalumikidzidwa zosiyanasiyana asanawotchedwe mu uvuni mpaka kuchiritsa kunachitika asanaumbe ndi kuuma kuti zipereke ZTA ndi mkulu kachulukidwe makristalo nyumba pamodzi ndi kusinthidwa krustalo., atomiki, zamagetsi zomwe zimabweretsa ZTA zomwe zimawonetsa kachulukidwe kwambiri komanso kristalo wosinthika, maiko a atomiki komanso mawonekedwe osinthika a kristalo, zida zosinthidwa za kristalo komanso kristalo wosinthidwa, ma atomiki omwe amachititsa kuti kristalo ikhale yosinthika, maiko a atomiki kuti achuluke kudalirika.

Ili ndi kukana kutentha kwakukulu

ZTA zakuthupi zimapereka kukana kutentha kwapamwamba, kuzipanga kukhala zoyenera kwa mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kulimba kwambiri. Komanso, Kukaniza kwake kwa dzimbiri komanso mphamvu yosunthika kwambiri kumapangitsa ZTA kukhala yoyenera kukhudzana ndi kutentha kwanthawi yayitali mpaka 1773 K – kupanga chisankho chabwino kwambiri pazida zanthawi yayitali zokhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu.

Kafukufuku waposachedwa akuwonetsa kuti zirconia zimakulitsa mphamvu zamakina za alumina, makamaka kulimba kwake ndi mphamvu yosinthasintha. Izi zimachitika chifukwa zirconia particles kupanga compressive kupsyinjika pa aluminiyamu masanjidwewo pamene ali ndi nkhawa; Kupanikizika kophatikizikaku kumathandizira kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa ming'alu pomwe nthawi yomweyo kumawonjezera kulimba kwa fracture.

Zinthu zambiri zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a ZTA, monga njira zake za sintering ndi kutentha komanso kuchuluka kwa zirconia zomwe zawonjezeredwa. Mwambiri, kuwonjezera zirconia zambiri kumawonjezera ntchito; komabe zirconia zochulukira zimatha kuchepetsa mphamvu zake zopindika komanso kulimba kwa fracture.

Alumina-zirconia-olimba aluminiyamu (IZI) ndi zida zapamwamba za ceramic zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Zopangidwa ndi alumina ndi zirconium oxide zolumikizidwa ndi zomangira za ceramic zomwe zimakulitsa mphamvu yakusinthasintha komanso kulimba kwa zinthuzo., AZT imapanga zida zabwino kwambiri zamakina omwe ali ndi kutentha kwambiri monga mauvuni ndi ng'anjo.