ʻO ka paʻakikī like ʻole me ka Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) Keramika
ʻO Zirconia Alumina Paʻa (ZTA) ke kaena ʻana o nā seramika i ka paʻakikī ʻole. Hāʻawi lākou i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa, kemika inertness a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no ka hana maʻalahi i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā – ʻaʻole e haʻi i ka ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa ma mua o nā metala.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ZTA i nā agglomerates polycrystal tetragonal zirconia metastable i loko o kahi matrix alumina e hoʻololi ʻia i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi i ke ʻano monoclinic ma lalo o ke kaumaha., no laila e hoʻopuehu ai i ke kānana ʻāwī a hoʻōki i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka māwae, ʻike nui ʻia ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka paʻakikī.
Pale ʻino
Hāʻawi ʻo ZTA i ke kūpaʻa kemika ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka alumina maʻemaʻe a hiki ke kū i nā wela wela me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino ʻana, ʻo ia ke koho waiwai kūpono no nā noi ʻoihana i nā kaiapuni a me nā kūlana paʻakikī.
Hoʻonui ʻia ka paʻakikī o ZTA e nā ʻāpana zirconia e hoʻopuehu a hoʻopaʻa i ka ikehu, kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka pohā. Ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka yttrium oxide, Hoʻololi ka zirconia mai ka pae tetragonal metastable i ka monoclinic i ka wā o ke koʻikoʻi e hana i nā koʻikoʻi compressive e hoʻonui ai i ka paʻakikī haʻi..
Loaʻa i nā seramika Zirconia e like me ZTA nā ʻāpana alumina e pale aku i ka haʻalulu wela. Hiki iā ia ke pale i nā loli wela me ka ʻole o ka haki ʻana a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻole i nā noi hana kiʻekiʻe e like me ka wili a me ka ʻoki ʻana; ʻO kona hoʻonui laina haʻahaʻa a me ka torsional hoʻonui e hāʻawi i nā mea hiki ke halihali i ka ukana a me ka hiki ke hana.. Haʻaheo ʻo ZTA 2-3 ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka ikaika tensile i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka alumina maʻemaʻe aʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā coefficients hoʻonui linear/torsional haʻahaʻa no nā mana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā mana hana..
ʻOoleʻa kiʻekiʻe
Hoʻohui ʻo ZTA i ka ikaika a me ka lōʻihi o ka alumina me ka zirconia paʻakikī no kahi mea kūikawā no nā noi koi.. Hāʻawi kēia hui i ka ikaika like ʻole, ʻoʻoleʻa haʻihaʻi, ka elasticity a me ka paʻakikī i loko o hoʻokahi pūʻolo.
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Claussen ma 1976 ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka zirconia unstabilized i ka alumina e hoʻonui nui i kona paʻakikī, ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka tetragonal-monoclinic i hoʻopuehu ʻia i loko o kāna matrix.. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēlā mau ʻeke metastable mai ka hoʻololi ʻana a hiki i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana e kahi pohā e neʻe mai ana a i ʻole nā kumu ʻē aʻe e hōʻoluʻolu ai i ko lākou kaohi., e like me ka hehee ana.
10mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia i kaomi wela (10YSZ), hoʻoikaika ʻia me nā ʻāpana a i ʻole nā platelet i loaʻa mai 0 i ka 30wt% alumina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ikaika ikaika, ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka haʻihaʻi a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka ulu māwae lohi ma 1000C i ka lewa. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena i loaʻa ka ikaika flexural kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī haʻihaʻi no nā platelet composites me kēia mea haku mele..
Ka Ikaika Kiekie
Hāʻawi ka Zirconia ceramics i kahi hui pū ʻana o ka ikaika, kūpaʻa, a me ka versatility e ʻoi aku ana ma mua o nā seramika ʻenehana kuʻuna. Hāʻawi ka Zirconia formulations e like me ZTA i nā hoʻonā no nā noi paʻakikī o kēia mau lā mai nā ʻāpana aerospace e hoʻomau ana i nā kaiapuni paʻakikī a hiki i nā hanauna biomedical implants i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka lōʻihi. – ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā hāʻina hilinaʻi no nā pono koʻikoʻi o kēia lā.
Kūlana ʻo ZTA ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe ma muli o kona ikaika flexural kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka paʻakikī haʻihaʻi a me ke kūʻē ʻana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana ma muli o kāna pae tetragonal metastable. ʻO kēia hoʻololi ʻana i monoclinic zirconia ma ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻāpana ma mua o kahi māwae mua e hoʻōki i ka ulu hou ʻana..
ʻO Yttria i hoʻopaʻa hapa ʻia ʻo Zirconia (Y-TZP) a me ka Zirconia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Cerium (He aha-TZP) hōʻike i nā ʻano paʻakikī like ʻole me ZTA ma muli o ka paʻa ʻana o ka pae tetragonal ma ka mālama ʻana i ka yttria a i ʻole cerium ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa., e ʻae ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi pae wela e hiki ke mālama ʻia a hōʻike i ka pōʻino liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili i ka wā o nā hoʻāʻo hoʻouka cyclic ma mua o nā hoa alumina..
Pilikia haʻahaʻa
ʻO Zirconia kekahi o nā seramika ʻenehana paʻakikī loa i loaʻa a ʻo kāna mau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e kōkua i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka lole ʻoiai e hoʻemi ana i nā koi lubrication..
Loaʻa i nā seramika ZTA ka alumina no ka paʻakikī loa. ʻAe kēia i nā ʻāpana zirconia tetragonal i hoʻopaʻa ʻia metastable yttria i loko o kahi matrix alumina e hoʻololi ʻole ʻia., e waiho ana i ka crystalized ma muli o kahi ʻupena i ulana ʻia.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka haku mele ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana e hōʻoia i ka hiki ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka tetragonal-to-monoclinic kūʻokoʻa ma ka hoʻolili ʻana mai ka mahana sintering., ke hāʻawi nei i ka mana multi-hit i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakikī haʻihaʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻO ka homogeneity kiʻekiʻe i loko o nā alumina-zirconia composites me nā hua liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hopena i ka ikehu māwae haʻahaʻa e unuhi ʻia i nā lōʻihi māwae pōkole i ka wā o nā hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke daimana..
Hoʻonui Thermal Kiʻekiʻe
ʻO ka ikaika paʻa o ka alumina matrix e hiki ai iā ia ke pale i nā ʻāpana zirconia tetragonal mai ka hoʻololi ʻana i loko o ka zirconia monoclinic i ka hoʻoilo., pela ka hana ana 10 mole % yttria-stabilized zirconia-alumina composites paʻa a māwae ʻole.
ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka cerium i ka zirconia e hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi hapa (He aha-TZP). Mālama ʻo Ce-TZP i kāna ʻāpana tetragonal i ka mahana lumi a hoʻonui nui i ka paʻakikī, ʻo ka paʻakikī haʻihaʻi a me ka ikaika flexural i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea seramika niho kuʻuna.
ʻO Zirconia Toughened Alumina composites me ka Ce-TZP, yttria-stabilized zirconia (Y-TZP), a i ʻole zirconia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka magnesia (Mg-PSZ) hōʻike i ka paʻakikī ʻē aʻe i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka alumina a me ka zirconia monolithic, e hoʻolilo iā ZTA i moho kūpono no ke koi ʻana i nā noi e like me nā implants olakino, nā ʻāpana aerospace a me nā mīkini ʻenehana. Hāʻawi pū ʻo ZTA i nā waiwai kūʻē kemika e pale iā ia mai nā waikawa, nā hāʻina paʻakai, nā paʻakai hoʻoheheʻe alkali a me nā wela kiʻekiʻe.